ARA-290, also known as cibinetide (CAS 1208243-50-8), is a synthetic 11-amino-acid linear peptide (sequence: Pyr-Glu-Gln-Leu-Glu-Arg-Ala-Leu-Asn-Ser-Ser-OH; molecular formula C₅₁H₈₄N₁₆O₂₁; molecular weight 1,257.31 Da). It was engineered from the three-dimensional structure of helix B of erythropoietin (EPO). Unlike full-length recombinant human EPO, ARA-290 is non-erythropoietic and does not bind the classical EPOR homodimer associated with hematopoietic activity.
Instead, ARA-290 selectively activates the innate repair receptor (IRR), a tissue-protective heteromeric complex composed of one EPOR subunit and the β-common receptor (βcR, CD131). The IRR is minimally expressed under baseline conditions but becomes upregulated in response to cellular stress, injury, or inflammation across multiple cell types, including neurons, endothelial cells, macrophages, and glial cells. This inducible expression profile localizes signaling activity to affected tissues.
Ligand interaction with the IRR initiates several intracellular signaling cascades:
• JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/Akt pathways:
Associated with cellular survival signaling, anti-apoptotic regulation (e.g., Bcl-2/Bax balance), and tissue-repair–related processes.
• Anti-inflammatory signaling:
ARA-290 modulates NF-κB pathway activity, leading to reduced transcription of pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α and IL-6. It also influences oxidative stress pathways by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), which contributes to suppression of inflammasome activation (e.g., NLRP3).
• Immune modulation:
Research models indicate a shift in macrophage and microglial signaling profiles toward regulatory (M2-like) states.
• Neurosensory signaling pathways:
Preclinical data suggest modulation of TRPV1-related pathways and chemokine signaling (e.g., CCL2), which are associated with nociceptive and neuroimmune interactions.
Although the peptide exhibits a short plasma half-life, downstream signaling effects may persist due to activation of intracellular regulatory pathways.
ARA-290 has been investigated primarily in experimental and early-phase clinical research models related to small-fiber neuropathy (SFN), metabolic signaling, and inflammatory conditions.
Across these research settings, observations include:
• Modulation of neuropathic symptom-related endpoints
• Changes in markers associated with nerve fiber structure and regeneration
• Alterations in inflammatory and metabolic signaling parameters
• Improvements in functional and quality-of-life–associated measurements in controlled study environments
Importantly, available data originate from controlled research settings, including in vitro systems, animal models, and early-phase human studies. No completed Phase 3 trials have been reported as of 2026.
In experimental models examining metabolic signaling:
• Changes in glucose-related biomarkers have been reported
• Modulation of inflammatory cytokine profiles has been observed
• Endothelial and microvascular signaling pathways have been explored
These findings are generally interpreted within the broader context of inflammation-linked metabolic regulation rather than as direct therapeutic outcomes.
Beyond peripheral systems, ARA-290 has been studied in central nervous system (CNS) models due to its interaction with the innate repair receptor.
Preclinical research includes:
• Neuroinflammation modulation in neurodegenerative models
• Effects on amyloid-related pathways in transgenic systems
• Regulation of tau-associated signaling in experimental models
• Reduced markers of neuronal stress and apoptosis in ischemic and injury models
Additional experimental observations:
• Modulation of monocyte and microglial signaling
• Changes in neuroimmune communication pathways
• Effects on behavioral and cognitive test outcomes in controlled models
Limited exploratory human research has examined cognitive and emotional processing, indicating subtle modulation of affective processing pathways without broad systemic effects.
ARA-290 is currently classified as an experimental research peptide.
Available data from early-phase investigations suggest:
• No activation of erythropoietic pathways
• No consistent signals related to hematologic or cardiovascular parameters
• Generally favorable tolerability profiles in controlled research settings
However, comprehensive evaluation of long-term safety, pharmacokinetics, and broader applications requires further investigation.
All information presented reflects published scientific literature and experimental findings.
This material is intended exclusively for laboratory research and scientific investigation.
In vitro research or further manufacturing use only. Not for human or animal use.
All information provided by PRG is for educational and informational purposes only.
Best Practices for Storing Peptides
To maintain the reliability of laboratory results, correct peptide storage is essential. Proper storage conditions help preserve peptide stability for years while protecting against contamination, oxidation, and breakdown. Although certain peptides are more sensitive than others, following these best practices will greatly extend their shelf life and structural integrity.
Preventing Oxidation & Moisture Damage
Peptides can be compromised by exposure to moisture and air—especially immediately after removal from a freezer.
Storing Peptides in Solution
Peptides in solution have a much shorter lifespan compared to lyophilized form and are prone to bacterial degradation.
Containers for Peptide Storage
Select containers that are clean, intact, chemically resistant, and appropriately sized for the sample.
Regenesis Peptide Storage Quick Tips
