SS-31 Peptide – Mitochondrial Research Peptide (20mg per vial)
Overview
SS-31 Peptide, also known as elamipretide, MTP-131, or Bendavia, is a synthetic tetrapeptide that selectively targets and penetrates the inner mitochondrial membrane. Its unique structure allows it to bind cardiolipin, a critical phospholipid involved in maintaining mitochondrial structure and function. Research suggests that SS-31 pepptide can reduce mitochondrial oxidative damage, improve ATP production, and stabilize electron transport chain efficiency.
Studies have investigated SS-31 peptide in the context of age-related mitochondrial decline, cardiovascular dysfunction, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders, making it a promising compound in longevity and cellular health research.
SS-31 Peptide Research
Mitochondrial Protection:
- Binds and stabilizes cardiolipin to maintain mitochondrial cristae structure.
- Reduces production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), limiting oxidative damage.
Energy Metabolism:
- Enhances efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation, increasing ATP synthesis.
- Restores mitochondrial membrane potential in models of mitochondrial dysfunction.
Cardiovascular Studies:
- Improves cardiac bioenergetics and function in preclinical models of ischemia-reperfusion injury and heart failure.
Neuroprotection:
- Preserves mitochondrial function in neuronal cells, with potential benefits in neurodegenerative disease models.
Metabolic Health:
- Investigated for reversing age-associated declines in mitochondrial performance, potentially improving muscle endurance and metabolic flexibility.
SS-31 Peptide Product Description
- Sequence: D-Arg-Tyr(2,6-diMe)-Lys-Phe
- Molecular Formula: C₃₂H₄₉N₉O₅
- Molecular Weight: 639.8 g/mol
- PubChem CID: 11764719
- CAS Number: 736992-21-5
- Synonyms: elamipretide, MTP-131, Bendavia
- Total Active Ingredient: 20 mg per vial
- Shelf Life: 36 months
SS-31 Peptide Structures:
Source PubChem
Elamipretide and Mitochondrial Function in Heart Failure – Summary
Key Points:
- Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of heart failure (HF) in both children and adults.
- Elamipretide (SS-31, MTP-131) is a mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide that binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, improving electron transport chain coupling.
- In ex vivo experiments with failing human hearts, elamipretide significantly improved mitochondrial oxygen flux, complex I and IV activity, and supercomplex assembly.
- These benefits occurred without altering normal mitochondrial function in non-failing hearts.
Background:
Cardiolipin, a unique phospholipid in the inner mitochondrial membrane, is essential for ATP production and stability of mitochondrial “supercomplexes.” In HF, cardiolipin abnormalities disrupt this structure, impairing energy production.
How Elamipretide Works:
Elamipretide selectively targets cardiolipin, stabilizing mitochondrial structure, reducing oxidative stress, and improving bioenergetics. Animal studies have shown protective effects in ischemia/reperfusion injury, but this study is the first to directly test its effects on human heart tissue.
Study Results:
- Samples from failing and healthy donor hearts were treated with elamipretide.
- In failing hearts, mitochondrial respiration and efficiency improved.
- Complex I and IV activity increased, as did supercomplex-related CIV activity.
- No changes were seen in complex II or V activity.
- The effects were independent of changes in cardiolipin composition, indicating a direct functional impact.
Conclusion:
This research provides proof-of-principle that elamipretide can acutely improve mitochondrial energetics in failing human myocardium, regardless of patient age or HF cause, and highlights its therapeutic potential for mitochondrial-targeted interventions.
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Product Usage
This item is supplied for research purposes only and is intended solely for in vitro studies and laboratory experiments. All information provided on this website is for educational use only. Any form of administration to humans or animals is strictly prohibited by law. This product must only be handled by licensed, qualified professionals. It is not a drug, food, or cosmetic, and must not be misrepresented, mislabeled, or used as such.
Peptide Storage
All information provided by Regenesis is for educational and informational purposes only. All Regenesis products are supplied for in-vitro research use only—meaning experiments conducted outside of a living organism (“in glass”). These compounds are not medicines or drugs, have not been evaluated by the FDA, and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Any administration to humans or animals is strictly prohibited by law.
Best Practices for Storing Peptides
To maintain the reliability of laboratory results, correct peptide storage is essential. Proper storage conditions help preserve peptide stability for years while protecting against contamination, oxidation, and breakdown. Although certain peptides are more sensitive than others, following these best practices will greatly extend their shelf life and structural integrity.
- Short-Term Storage (days to months): Keep peptides cool and protected from light. Temperatures below 4 °C (39 °F) are generally suitable. Lyophilized peptides often remain stable at room temperature for several weeks, but refrigeration is still preferred if use is not immediate.
- Long-Term Storage (months to years): Store peptides at –80 °C (–112 °F) for maximum stability. Avoid frost-free freezers, as defrost cycles can cause damaging temperature fluctuations.
- Minimize Freeze–Thaw Cycles: Repeated freezing and thawing accelerates degradation. Instead, divide peptides into aliquots before freezing.
Preventing Oxidation & Moisture Damage
Peptides can be compromised by exposure to moisture and air—especially immediately after removal from a freezer.
- Let the vial warm to room temperature before opening to prevent condensation.
- Keep containers sealed as much as possible, and if possible, reseal under a dry, inert gas such as nitrogen or argon.
- Amino acids like cysteine (C), methionine (M), and tryptophan (W) are particularly sensitive to oxidation.
Storing Peptides in Solution
Peptides in solution have a much shorter lifespan compared to lyophilized form and are prone to bacterial degradation.
- If storage in solution is unavoidable, use sterile buffers at pH 5–6.
- Prepare single-use aliquots to avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles.
- Most peptide solutions are stable for up to 30 days at 4 °C (39 °F), but sensitive sequences should remain frozen when not in use.
Containers for Peptide Storage
Select containers that are clean, intact, chemically resistant, and appropriately sized for the sample.
- Glass vials: offer clarity, durability, and chemical resistance.
- Plastic vials: polystyrene (clear but less resistant) or polypropylene (translucent but chemically resistant).
- Peptides shipped in plastic vials may be transferred to glass for long-term storage if desired.
Regenesis Peptide Storage Quick Tips
- Keep peptides in a cold, dry, dark environment
- Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles
- Minimize exposure to air
- Protect from light
- Avoid storing in solution long term
- Aliquot peptides to match experimental needs